Electron Configuration of Chromium Ii Ion

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What is the electron configuration of potassium after it obtains a +1 charge?

Possible Answers:

[Ar]4s¹

[Ar]

[Ne]3s¹

[Ar]4s²3d⁴

[Ar]4s²

Explanation:

Potassium (K) is orignially in the electron configuration of [Ar]4s¹. To obtain a +1 charge it loses an electron, resulting in a configuration of [Ar].

Which of the following species is represented by the given electron configuration?

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Due to the phenomenon of half-orbital stability in the transition metals, electrons can easily move between 4s and 3d orbitals. The atom achieves greater stability from having only one atom in the4s orbital, allowing a half-filled3d orbital, as opposed to a full 4s orbital and four electrons in the 3d subshell.

For elements like chromium and copper, which could have valence shell configurations of 4s²3d⁴ and 4s ²3d⁹, respectively, an electron from the 4s orbital jumps down to the 3d orbital to harness added stability from the half-filled orbital. The given electron configuration is that of chromium.

Note that you can also solve this question by counting the electrons to determine the atomic number. In this case, the electrons add up to 24, indicating the twenty-fourth element: chromium.

What is the correct electronic structure for ?

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Were this question asking for the electronic structure of magnesium (Mg) in its ground state, would be the correct answer; however, the charge on means that the molecule shed two valence electrons to achieve a more stable orbital. Those electrons will be shed from the outermost valence shell, which in this case is the shell; therefore, is correct.

Note that the ground state of magnesium will have twelve electrons (the same as its atomic number), while the ion will have ten.

An oxygen atom and a fluorine atom have the same electron configuration as neon. Which of the following is true about these two atoms?

Possible Answers:

Oxygen has half the charge of fluorine because it gains half the amount of electrons

Fluorine has half the charge of oxygen because it gains half the amount of electrons

Both atoms have the same charge because they both gain the same amount of electrons

Both atoms are classified as halogens

Correct answer:

Fluorine has half the charge of oxygen because it gains half the amount of electrons

Explanation:

The question states that the oxygen and fluorine atoms have the same electron configuration as neon. The electron configuration for neon is , with ten total electrons and eight valence electrons. To match this configuration, both the oxygen and the fluorine atom must have eight valence electrons (two in the  orbital and six in the  orbital).

Recall that atoms in the oxygen group have six valence electrons, whereas halogens have seven valence electrons; therefore, oxygen has six and fluorine has seven valence electrons. To reach a total of eight valence electrons (octet) the oxygen atom must have gained two electrons, giving it a charge of . Similarly, fluorine must have gained one electron, giving it a charge of . Fluorine has half the of charge of oxygen because it gained half the amount of electrons to complete its octet.

Which of the following is true about gaining and losing electrons in cobalt?

Possible Answers:

In cobalt,  is the last orbital that gains electrons and the first orbital that loses electrons

In cobalt,  is the last orbital that gains electrons and the first orbital that loses electrons

The last orbital that gains electrons in cobalt is  and the first orbital that loses electrons in cobalt is

The last orbital that gains electrons in cobalt is  and the first orbital that loses electrons in cobalt is

Correct answer:

The last orbital that gains electrons in cobalt is  and the first orbital that loses electrons in cobalt is

A certain transition metal has an electron configuration such that its  orbital only has one electron. What would be a valid conclusion about this element?

Possible Answers:

This is an invalid electron configuration because  orbitals always contain two electrons in transition metals

The identity of the element is chromium and it contains one electron in each of its  orbitals

The identity of the element is manganese and it contains one electron in each of its  orbitals

The identity of the element is manganese and it contains an empty  orbital

Correct answer:

The identity of the element is chromium and it contains one electron in each of its  orbitals

Which element has the most valence electrons?

Explanation:

Valence electrons will be housed in the outer shell (highest numbered orbital) of the electron configuration.

Calcium:

Magnesium:

Zinc:

Copper:

Arsenic:

Calcium, magnesium, and zinc all have two valence electrons in their highest energy orbital. Copper has only one valence electron. Arsenic has five total valence electrons in the fourth shell.

What is the correct electron configuration of?

Correct answer:

Explanation:

An atom that has a charge of has lost two electrons. The two lost are always the valence electrons, which are most easily taken from the molecule. Strontium has a normal electron configuration with 38 electrons. In shorthand notation, this would be:

Losing two valence electrons will remove the 5s electrons. This leave the configuration as:

This makes sense because krypton has a stable valence octet. Strontium is stable as an ion, meaning that it will also have an octet, allowing it to match the configuration for krypton.

Which two elements have the same number of electrons in the3d shell?

Possible Answers:

Mn and Fe

Ni and Cu

Cr and Mn

Co and Ni

Cr and V

Explanation:

Valence electrons in the d subshell can be odd because a half-filled d orbital is more stable than one with three or four electrons. While strontium, titanium, and vanadium have two electrons in their 4s orbitals, chromium has one in the 4s shell and puts five in the 3d shell.

This creates a half-filled 4s and 3d shells, which are more stable than a full 4s shell and partial 3d shell. Chromium and manganese thus have the same number of 3d electrons: five.

An atom with the electron configuration 1s²2s²2p⁶ could be any of the following except _________.

Explanation:

This particular configuration denotes a particle with ten total electrons. The sodium atom, with eleven electrons, is the only one listed that could not have this configuration. Ionized sodium, however, symbolized as Na⁺, does apply. (Be careful to distinguish neutral atoms and ions).

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Electron Configuration of Chromium Ii Ion

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